JavaScript Operator Precedence
Precedence describes the order in which operations are performed in an arithmetic expression.
As in traditional mathematics, multiplication is done first:
let x = 100 + 50 * 3;
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When using parentheses, operations inside the parentheses are computed first:
let x = (100 + 50) * 3;
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When operators have the same precedence (like + and -), they are computed from left to right:
let x = 100 / 50 * 3;
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Operator Precedence ValuesExpressions in parentheses are computed before the rest of the expressionFunction are executed before the result is used in the rest of the expression |
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| Val | Operator | Description | Example |
| 18 | ( ) | Expression Grouping | (100 + 50) * 3 |
| 17 | . | Member Of | car.name |
| 17 | [] | Member Of | car["name"] |
| 17 | ?. | Optional Chaining ES2020 | x ?. y |
| 17 | () | Function Call | myFunction() |
| 17 | new | New with Arguments | new Date("June 5,2022") |
| 16 | new | New without Arguments | new Date() |
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Increment Operators Postfix increments are executed before prefix increments |
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| 15 | ++ | Postfix Increment | i++ |
| 15 | -- | Postfix Decrement | i-- |
| 14 | ++ | Prefix Increment | ++i |
| 14 | -- | Prefix Decrement | --i |
| NOT Operators | |||
| 14 | ! | Logical NOT | !(x==y) |
| 14 | ~ | Bitwise NOT | ~x |
| Unary Operators | |||
| 14 | + | Unary Plus | +x |
| 14 | - | Unary Minus | -x |
| 14 | typeof | Data Type | typeof x |
| 14 | void | Evaluate Void | void(0) |
| 14 | delete | Property Delete | delete myCar.color |
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Arithmetic Operators Exponentiations are executed before multiplications Multiplications and divisions are executed before additions and subtractions |
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| 13 | ** | Exponentiation ES2016 | 10 ** 2 |
| 12 | * | Multiplication | 10 * 5 |
| 12 | / | Division | 10 / 5 |
| 12 | % | Division Remainder | 10 % 5 |
| 11 | + | Addition | 10 + 5 |
| 11 | - | Subtraction | 10 - 5 |
| 11 | + | Concatenation | "John" + "Doe" |
| Shift Operators | |||
| 10 | << | Shift Left | x << 2 |
| 10 | >> | Shift Right (signed) | x >> 2 |
| 10 | >>> | Shift Right (unsigned) | x >>> 2 |
| Relational Operators | |||
| 9 | in | Property in Object | "PI" in Math |
| 9 | instanceof | Instance of Object | x instanceof Array |
| Comparison Operators | |||
| 9 | < | Less than | x < y |
| 9 | <= | Less than or equal | x <= y |
| 9 | > | Greater than | x > y |
| 9 | >= | Greater than or equal | x >= Array |
| 8 | == | Equal | x == y |
| 8 | === | Strict equal | x === y |
| 8 | != | Unequal | x != y |
| 8 | !== | Strict unequal | x !== y |
| Bitwise Operators | |||
| 7 | & | Bitwise AND | x & y |
| 6 | ^ | Bitwise XOR | x ^ y |
| 5 | | | Bitwise OR | x | y |
| Logical Operators | |||
| 4 | && | Logical AND | x && y |
| 3 | || | Logical OR | x || y |
| 3 | ?? | Nullish Coalescing ES2020 | x ?? y |
| Conditional (ternary) Operator | |||
| 2 | ? : | Condition | ? "yes" : "no" |
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Assignment Operators Assignments are executed after other operations |
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| 2 | = | Simple Assignment | x = y |
| 2 | += | Addition Assignment | x += y |
| 2 | -= | Subtraction Assignment | x -= y |
| 2 | *= | Multiplication Assignment | x *= y |
| 2 | **= | Exponentiation Assignment | x **= y |
| 2 | /= | Division Assignment | x /= y |
| 2 | %= | Remainder Assignment | x %= y |
| 2 | <<= | Left Shift Assignment | x <<= y |
| 2 | >>= | Right Shift Assignment | x >>= y |
| 2 | >>>= | Unsigned Right Shift | x >>>= y |
| 2 | &= | Bitwise AND Assignment | x &= y |
| 2 | |= | Bitwise OR Assignment | x |= y |
| 2 | ^= | Bitwise XOR Assignment | x ^= y |
| 2 | &&= | Logical AND Assignment | x &= y |
| 2 | ||= | Logical OR Assignment | x ||= y |
| 2 | : | Colon Assignment | x : 5 |
| 2 | => | Arrow | x => y |
| 2 | yield | Pause / Resume | yield x |
| 2 | yield* | Delegate | yield* x |
| 2 | ... | Spread | ...x |
| 1 | , | Comma | x , y |
